Imagine if your favorite app suddenly got faster, cheaper to use, and smoother overall. That’s basically what happened in the crypto world when Optimism, a layer 2 solution built on Ethereum, rolled out its major upgrade called Bedrock.
Optimism is one of the most popular tools for scaling Ethereum — making it faster and cheaper without changing the core of how Ethereum works. In June 2023, Optimism launched Bedrock, an upgrade that fundamentally changed how the network works — in a good way.
What Is Bedrock and Why Was It Introduced?
Think of Bedrock as a rebuild of Optimism’s core systems. It wasn’t just a patch or a tweak — it was a full-scale transformation designed to:
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Lower transaction fees
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Speed up fund transfers
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Make the system more compatible with Ethereum
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Make future upgrades easier
In short: it made Optimism much more efficient, developer-friendly, and future-ready.
What Did Bedrock Actually Change?
1. Cheaper Transactions
Bedrock introduced a new way to compress data and removed unnecessary fees tied to how information is sent to Ethereum’s base layer. This led to a 10–20% drop in gas fees compared to the older version of Optimism.
2. Faster Fund Transfers
Before Bedrock, it could take up to 10 minutes to move assets from Ethereum to Optimism. Now? Just 2–3 minutes. This is thanks to smarter syncing between Ethereum and Optimism.
3. Modular Design = Future-Proof
Bedrock was built like LEGO: different components can be updated or swapped out without rebuilding the whole system. This modular approach makes it easier to improve Optimism in the future without breaking anything.
4. Tighter Ethereum Integration
The upgrade made Optimism behave more like Ethereum. Developers can use the same tools, and apps can run almost exactly as they do on Ethereum itself — but with much better performance and lower costs.
How Bedrock Works Behind the Scenes (Without the Jargon)
Here’s what’s happening under the hood, in plain language:
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Separated components: Different parts of the system can be updated independently.
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Based on Ethereum’s tools: Bedrock reuses Ethereum’s most trusted software, especially the popular Go-Ethereum client (geth).
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No Proof-of-Stake: Optimism doesn’t rely on validators like Ethereum does. Instead, it uses something called block derivation — a different way to sync up with Ethereum that’s simpler and faster.
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Full support for key Ethereum features: Like EIP-1559 (a fee system), chain reorganizations (when Ethereum reshuffles blocks), and more.
What Does Bedrock Mean for You?
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For users: Lower fees, faster transfers, and smoother apps.
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For developers: Easier, more powerful tools to build the next generation of Web3 apps.
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For the crypto ecosystem: A big step toward scalable, user-friendly decentralized finance (DeFi).
Current Status as of May 2025
Since the implementation of the Bedrock upgrade, Optimism has maintained a strong position within the Ethereum ecosystem. As of April 2025, the number of daily active users was around 110,000, marking a decline compared to previous months. At the same time, the total value locked (TVL) in the network increased to approximately $9.36 billion, representing 24% of the Ethereum Layer 2 market share.
The OP Stack technology, which underpins Bedrock, has become the foundation for many other Layer 2 networks. One prominent example is Base by Coinbase, which surpassed 15 million active addresses and reached a TVL of over $3.5 billion. Other major projects like World Chain by Worldcoin and Unichain by Uniswap also rely on the OP Stack, confirming its status as an established industry standard.
In March 2025, the Bedrock 2.0 upgrade was introduced, improving rollup efficiency by 50%, enhancing performance, and reducing transaction costs.
