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3. Advanced Course

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  1. 1. What is Taproot?
  2. 2. Blockchain bridges – what are they?
  3. 3. What is Ethereum Plasma?
  4. 4. What is Ethereum Casper?
  5. 5. What is Zk-SNARK and Zk-STARK? 
  6. 6. What is Selfish Mining? 
  7. 7. What is spoofing in the cryptocurrency market? 
  8. 8. Schnorr signatures - what are they? 
  9. 9. MimbleWimble - what is it? 
  10. 10. What is digital property rights in NFT?
  11. 11. What are ETFs and what role do they play in the cryptocurrency market? 
  12. 12. How to verify a cryptocurrency project – cryptocurrency tokenomics 
  13. 13. What is the 51% attack on blockchain?
  14. 14. What is DAO, and how does it work?
  15. 15. Zero-knowledge proof – a protocol that respects privacy 
  16. 16. What is EOSREX?
  17. 17. What is Proof of Elapsed Time (PoET)?
  18. 18. Mirror Protocol – what it is? 
  19. 19. What are synthetic assets? 
  20. 20. How to create your own NFT? 
  21. 21. Definition of DeFi, and what are its liquidations?
  22. 22. New identity system - Polygon ID
  23. 23. Ethereum Foundation and the Scroll protocol - what is it?
  24. 24. What is Byzantine fault tolerance in blockchain technology?
  25. 25. Scalability of blockchain technology - what is it?
  26. 26. Interchain Security - new Cosmos (ATOM) protocol
  27. 27. Coin Mixing vs. Coin Join - definition, opportunities, and threats
  28. 28. What is Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) and how does it work?
  29. 29. Soulbound Tokens - what are they, and how do they work?
  30. 30. Definition of LIDO - what is it?
  31. 31. What are Threshold Signatures, and how do they work?
  32. 32. Blockchain technology and cyberattacks.
  33. 33. Bitcoin script - what it is, and what you should know about it.
  34. 34. What is zkEVM, and what are its basic features?
  35. 35. Do confidential transactions on blockchain exist? What is a Confidential Transaction?
  36. 36. Algorithmic stablecoins - everything you should know about them.
  37. 37. Polygon Zk Rollups ZKP - what should you know about it?
  38. 38. What is Web3 Infura?
  39. 39. Mantle - Ethereum L2 scalability - how does it work?
  40. 40. What is the NEAR Rainbow Bridge?
  41. 41. Liquid Staking Ethereum and LSD tokens. What do you need to know about it?
  42. 42. Top 10 blockchain oracles. How do they work? How do they differ?
  43. 43. What are Web3.js and Ether.js? What are the main differences between them?
  44. 44. What is StarkWare, and recursive validity proofs
  45. 45. Quant Network: scalability of the future
  46. 46. Polygon zkEVM - everything you need to know
  47. 47. What is Optimism (OP), and how do its roll-ups work?
  48. 48. What are RPC nodes, and how do they work?
  49. 49. SEI Network: everything you need to know about the Tier 1 solution for DeFi
  50. 50. Types of Proof-of-Stake Consensus Mechanisms: DPoS, LPoS and BPoS
  51. 51. Bedrock: the epileptic curve that ensures security!
  52. 52. What is Tendermint, and how does it work?
  53. 53. Pantos: how to solve the problem of token transfer between blockchains?
  54. 54. What is asymmetric encryption?
  55. 55. Base-58 Function in Cryptocurrencies
  56. 56. What Is the Nostr Protocol and How Does It Work?
  57. 57. What Is the XDAI Bridge and How Does It Work?
  58. 58. Solidity vs. Rust: What Are the Differences Between These Programming Languages?
  59. 59. What Is a Real-Time Operating System (RTOS)?
  60. 60. What Is the Ethereum Rinkeby Testnet and How Does It Work?
  61. 61. What Is Probabilistic Encryption?
  62. 62. What is a Pinata in Web 3? We explain!
  63. 63. What Is EIP-4337? Will Ethereum Account Abstraction Change Web3 Forever?
  64. 64. What are smart contract audits? Which companies are involved?
  65. 65. How does the AirGapped wallet work?
  66. 66. What is proto-danksharding (EIP-4844) on Ethereum?
  67. 67. What is decentralised storage and how does it work?
  68. 68. How to Recover Cryptocurrencies Sent to the Wrong Address or Network: A Practical Guide
  69. 69. MPC Wallet and Multilateral Computing: Innovative Technology for Privacy and Security
  70. 70. Threshold signature in cryptography: an advanced signing technique!
  71. 71. Vanity address in cryptocurrencies: what is it and what are its characteristics?
  72. 72. Reentrancy Attack on smart contracts: a threat to blockchain security!
  73. 73. Slither: a static analyser for smart contracts!
  74. 74. Sandwich Attack at DeFi: explanation and risks!
  75. 75. Blockchain RPC for Web3: A key technology in the world of decentralized finance!
  76. 76. Re-staking: the benefits of re-posting in staking!
  77. 77. Base: Evolving cryptocurrency transactions with a tier-2 solution from Coinbase
  78. 78. IPFS: A new era of decentralized data storage
  79. 79. Typical vulnerabilities and bridge security in blockchain technology
  80. 80. JumpNet - Ethereum's new sidechain
3. Advanced Course 23. Ethereum Foundation and the Scroll protocol – what is it?
Lesson 23 of 80
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23. Ethereum Foundation and the Scroll protocol – what is it?

Scroll protocol is the solution of layer two (L2) Ethereum, which it uses in its operation ZK Rollups. As a result, it provides a secure and scalable execution layer that effectively maximizes compatibility with Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM). We will present what exactly Scroll is and how it works in the following article.

Scroll Protocol – what is it?

Scroll, is a zero-knowledge rollup protocol based on Ethereum Virtual Machine in layer 2. Its task is to scale the execution layer Ethereum Layer 2. What does it mean?

Scroll will build a zk-Rollup fully compatible with EVM. Its purpose will be to support direct block verification, Ethereum, by one concise proof. As the team emphasizes, its idea is to verify the consistency and integrity of everyone opcode. 

Thanks to this, smart contracts from the first layer (L1) can smoothly and without unnecessary modifications migrate to Scroll. The protocol will support native EVM, using custom optimizations for this. This way of looking at the problem brings many benefits, including one of the most important – compatibility with the already existing ecosystem Ethereum. 

The project is to help create a user-friendly platform for users who are just entering the cryptocurrency market. Interestingly, Scroll raised as much as USD 30 million from community members for its development Ethereum, researchers, developers, and investment firms.

Operation and highlights

The project is called a novelty Ethereum Layer 2. It was announced and entered the cryptocurrency scene with a bang on April 22, 2022. Created together with Ethereum Foundation, and alone Vitalik Buterin even tried to review it.

As we mentioned earlier, Scroll belongs to solution’s second layer of Ethereum, whose source code will be deployed to the main web without any modification. Okay, but what about that? Scroll provides its users with faster and definitely cheaper transactions, while maintaining the same level of security it provides Ethereum. 

The Applied ZKP team of the Ethereum Foundation helps in the implementation of the code and in this groundbreaking research. In their statement, the Scroll team wrote that their zkEVM, compared to others, achieves compliance at the Ethereum bytecode level. Thanks to this, all EVM opcodes behave identically as in the base layer. Complicated? We already translate ☺

Zk-Rollups are paramount technology for scaling Ethereum. Typically, they are application-specific, which makes it difficult for developers to build decentralized applications with them.

zkEVM company Scroll it’s the opposite. In its operation, it uses zero-knowledge proofs that are verifiable on EVM. What’s more, they enable migration and integration of applications already existing in the ecosystem Ethereum. This allows the Ethereum block to be verified by a single proof using zkEVM. The team also began work on creating a zero-knowledge evidence market using a decentralized network.

Currently, team Scroll is working on releasing a testnet for his solution. Interestingly, in the near future, the protocol will be upgraded to a multilayer, null system. The first layer will be efficient for the prover, the second for the verifier. This is the door to a whole new definition of privacy.

Scroll has one mission. It wants to become the most developer- and user-friendly Ethereum scaling solution.

Ethereum Foundation

Ethereum Foundation (EF), is nothing more than a non-profit, supporting organization Ethereum and all related technologies. Including protocol Scroll.

The Foundation sets itself up as an organization that does not control or direct the Ethereum network. As they emphasize – they are part of a bigger ecosystem. We are talking about providing support, both financial and non-financial, to projects and entities operating within the Ethereum community. The activities are to ensure the growth of the entire ecosystem centred around this protocol.

Since 2014, Ethereum Foundation has organized Devcon. It is an annual conference for all developers, thinkers, and creators who can accelerate the development of the ecosystem by their actions.

Scroll protocol – advantages

The solution standardizes outsourcing layer two evidence. Project team, with help from the Ethereum Foundation, clearly emphasizes that it has developed a solid outsource mechanism that will encourage rollers to generate FPC. The developed scheme, which is still being researched, is to open up a wider spectrum of possibilities – beyond the main chain – and open up a new market for evidence.

The second advantage, especially for developers, is the fact that they can implement complex contracts in Scroll without worrying about gas fees. Many applications that use this solution can work off-chain. 

Summary

Layer 2 solutions are the majority of solutions used by Ethereum.